What is the definition of disinfecting?

The correct answer highlights the specific action of disinfecting, which involves the use of a chemical agent that reduces or eliminates the number of pathogenic microorganisms on surfaces. Disinfecting is essential in infection control practices, particularly in healthcare settings where preventing the spread of infections is critical. Unlike cleaning, which may merely remove dirt and some germs, disinfection requires the application of substances specifically designed to destroy or inactivate harmful microorganisms.

The other choices describe different practices related to hygiene and infection control but do not accurately define disinfecting. Washing hands, for example, is a crucial practice for maintaining personal hygiene and preventing the spread of illness, but it does not necessarily involve chemical agents in the process. Similarly, using soap and water for cleaning is important, yet it does not equate to the targeted action of disinfection, which specifically focuses on eliminating microorganisms. Finally, applying a barrier serves to prevent contamination but does not directly involve the destruction of germs on surfaces, distinguishing it from the definition of disinfecting.